ZDL-B

• Body text
• Special characters
• Abbreviated references in the body text
• Bibliography
• Citation guidelines

• Definitions and translations in the running text are placed in single quotation marks above (ʻ…ʼ, 6 and 9).
• Linguistic abbreviations such as ‘ahd.’, ‘mhd.’, ‘nhd.’, ‘schwäb.’, ‘ital.’ may only be used directly before the examples taken from them (sound, word, sentence); in all other cases, the full term (‘Old High German’, etc.) is required.

• Phonetic transcriptions are only done according to IPA (in exceptional cases and by agreement also according to Teuthonista). Please never use italics.
• The use of non-Latin fonts (e.g. Cyrillic, Greek, Mandarin) requires consultation with the ZDL editorial team.

• All quotations need to be referenced.
• References are placed directly in the text body in brackets. The source is given in brackets after the statement that is to be referenced. The abbreviated reference follows the author-year principle:
  

Here is a statement which needs to be referenced (Louis 1996: 27)

(cf. Müller 1995: 7) or ... as Grundmann (2007: 18–22) has shown.

in the case of two authors: (Müller and Meier 1995: 28)

in the case of more than two authors: (Müller et al. 2017: 36)

• If there are several publications by one person from the same year, they are differentiated by a lowercase letter after the year:

Meier (1999a: 5–8)

Meier (1999b: 17–23)

• Several cited passages within a bracket are separated by commas:

(Müller 2011, 2012, Meier 2015)

• Two or more consecutive pages are always cited with a from-to reference. Please avoid the usage of “f.”:

(Keitel 2018: 202–203)

(Vasold 2008: 276–288)

• Please do not use the abbreviation „ibid”.

• Detailed source references and bibliographic information is provided in a bibliography. Sources and references in the body text are given in abbreviated form.
• The bibliography includes all titles cited, and only these. On the first level it is sorted alphabetically by person, on the second by year of publication:

Fischer, Fritz. 2004. Sample title. Stuttgart: Steiner.

Fischer, Fritz. 2012. Random title. Stuttgart: Steiner.

Schneider, Lisa. 1982. Sample title. Stuttgart: Steiner.

Schneider, Lisa. 1986. Random title. Stuttgart: Steiner.

• Between a main heading and a subheading there is always a full stop, not a colon.

• If there is more than one place of publication, only use the first one plus “et al.”
• All authors and editors should be listed in the bibliography (please do not use “et al.”).
• Please ensure that your references are correct and complete. Please also include sub- and series titles.
• Websites and DOIs are indicated in angle brackets both in the body text and in the bibliography. For websites, the date of access must be stated:

URL: <www.deutscher-sprachatlas.de> [Accessed on: 17.09.2017].

DOI: <https://doi.org/10.1016/S0388-0001(80)80019-2>

• Surname, first name. Year. Title. Subtitle. Place: Publisher (if applicable series. Volume). 

Ferré, Barbara Meister. 1994. Stability and Change in the Pennsylvania German Dialect of an Old Order Amish

Community in Lancaster County. Stuttgart: Steiner (Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik. Beihefte.

82).

• Surname, first name. Year. Title. Subtitle, in: Full journal title, volume, issue, page numbers. DOI: <DOI> [or] URL: <URL> [accessed on: DD.MM.YYYY]. 

Polinsky, Maria and Gregory Scontras. 2020. Understanding heritage languages, in: Bilingualism: Language and

Cognition, Vol. 23, Issue 1, pp. 4–20. DOI: <https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728919000245>

• Surname, first name. Year. Title. Subtitle, in: Surname, first name (ed.). Title. Subtitle. Place: Publisher (if applicable series. volume), page numbers.

Nübling, Damaris. 2020. Inflectional Morphology. Nouns, in: Putnam, Michael T. and B. Richard Page (eds.).

The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics. Cambridge et al.: Cambridge University Press,

pp. 214–237.

Wolff, H. Ekkehard. 2011. Semitic-Chadic Relations, in: Weninger, Stefan (ed.). The Semitic Languages. An

international Handbook. Berlin et al.: De Gruyter Mouton (Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication

Science. 36), pp. 27–38.

• Surname, first name (if applicable ed.). Year. Title. Subtitle. DOI: <DOI> [or] URL: <URL> [access date: DD.MM.YYYY].

Elspaß, Stephan and Robert Moeller (eds.). 2003. Atlas zur deutschen Alltagssprache. URL: <http://www.atlas-alltagssprache.de> [Accessed on: 22.08.2017].

• Scribal abbreviation = Surname, first name (ed.). Year. Title. Subtitle. Volume: Volume title. Place: Publisher (if applicable series. volume).

SBS = Koenig, Werner (ed.). 1998. Sprachatlas von Bayerisch-Schwaben. Vol. 6: Formengeographie I. Verbum. Edited by Edith Funk. Heidelberg: Winter (Bayerischer Sprachatlas. Regionalteil 1).